Geneva Conventions, Protocols, AECA, and Related Documents

  • The Bush Administration signed a 2007 Memorandum of Understanding with Israel in which the "United States supports increased levels of Foreign Military Financing (FMF) grant assistance..." which over a ten year period will equal a total fo $30 Billion. Actual appropriations for each year must be approved by Congress and the President.
    The Memorandum of Understanding Between U.S. and Israel (downloadable)


  • THE FOUR TREATIES OF THE GENEVA CONVENTION (I-III updated 1949, IV 12 August 1949).
    • I. Amelioration of the condition of the wounded and sick in armed forces in the field ICRC
    • II. Amelioration of the condition of wounded, sick and shipwrecked members of armed forces at sea ICRC
    • III. Treatment of Prisoners of War ICRC
    • IV. Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War ICRC
      Because the Fourth Geneva Convention calls for protection of civilians in time of war, it is particularly pertinent to the manner in which an occupying force is obligated to treat people in occupied territories.
  • ADDITIONAL PROTOCOLS, 8 June 1977
    • - Protocol I : Relating to the protection of victims of international armed conflicts [Article 79 - Measures of protection for journalists] ICRC
    • - Protocol II: Relating to the protection of victims of non-international armed conflictst ICRC
    • - Protocol III: Relating to additional distinctive emblems - universial character and protective value ICRC
  • OTHER INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS ON WARFARE
    • Prohibitions or Restrictions on the Use of Certain Conventional Weapons (CCWC) Which May be Deemed to be Excessively Injurious or to Have Indiscriminate Effects, 10 October 1980>

    • Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (download)
      Adopted and opened for signature, ratification and accession by General Assembly resolution 39/46 of 10 December 1984 entry into force 26 June 1987, in accordance with article 27 (1) It includes a link to nation's Declarations and Reservations.

    • Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (download)
      Adopted by Resolution 260 (III) A of the United Nations General Assembly on 9 December 1948. This is the "entry into force" document of 12 January 1951, in accordance with article XIII, of resolution 260 A (III) of 9 December 1948 approved and proposed for signature and ratification or accession by General Assembly. This is the "entry into force" document of 12 January 1951, in accordance with article XIII, of resolution 260 A (III) of 9 December 1948 approved and proposed for signature and ratification or accession by General Assembly. It includes a link to nations that ratified.

      • Prevention of Genocide A recent associated update: Human Rights Council Resolution 7/25 of 28 March 2008

      Seminar on The Prevention of Genocide - 21 January 2009


  • United Nations Office for Disarmament Affairs (UNODA) Treaties Database

  • The Arms Export Control Act (downloadable)

  • International Commitee of the Red Cross (ICRC
    ICRC is an independent, neutral organization ensuring humanitarian protection and assistance for victims of war and other situations of violence.

    At the ICRC website you will find a prominent section on International Humanitarian Law (IHL) including:
    IHL in brief
    Geneva Conventions
    Treaty database
    National implementation database
    Exploring Humanitarian Law (EHL) Virtual Campus

  • International Humanitarian Law Research Initiative: Program on Humanitarian Policy and Conflict Research, Harvard University



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